Number Representation Tools
Analyze how numbers are represented in silicon hardware. Calculate exact limits for 4-bit, 8-bit, 16-bit, 32-bit, and 64-bit signed/unsigned integers and dissect IEEE-754 floats.
Signed Number Calculator
Evaluate signed integers across 8, 16, 32, and 64-bit Two’s Complement representations.
Unsigned Number Calculator
Calculate unsigned integer capacity, binary bit patterns, and maximum values from 0 to 2^n - 1.
Integer Range Calculator
Calculate signed and unsigned limits for any register width from 1 to 128 bits.
4-bit Number Range Calculator
Analyze the 4-bit nibble register range: signed -8 to +7 and unsigned 0 to 15.
8-bit Number Range Calculator
Analyze 8-bit byte register limits: signed -128 to +127 and unsigned 0 to 255.
16-bit Number Range Calculator
Analyze 16-bit word limits: signed -32,768 to +32,767 and unsigned 0 to 65,535.
32-bit Number Range Calculator
Analyze 32-bit dword limits: signed ±2.14 billion and unsigned 0 to 4.29 billion.
64-bit Number Range Calculator
Analyze 64-bit qword limits: signed ±9.22 quintillion and unsigned 0 to 18.44 quintillion.
Two's Complement Range Calculator
Calculate the asymmetric signed range [-2^(n-1) to +2^(n-1)-1] for any bit width n.
Floating Point Representation Calculator
Analyze real numbers in computer memory: sign bit, biased exponent, and significand fraction.
IEEE 754 Converter
Convert decimal real numbers into IEEE-754 32-bit Single Precision and 64-bit Double Precision formats.
IEEE 754 to Decimal
Convert 32-bit and 64-bit IEEE 754 binary or hex bit patterns back into real decimal numbers.
Decimal to IEEE 754
Convert real decimal numbers directly into IEEE 754 Single Precision and Double Precision bit patterns.
Float32 Converter
Specialized 32-bit Single Precision IEEE 754 float converter with exact rounding error analysis.
Float64 Converter
Specialized 64-bit Double Precision IEEE 754 float converter with 53-bit significand analysis.